The New York City Draft Riots, also known as the New York Draft Riots, were a series of violent demonstrations that took place in New York City from July 13 to July 16, 1863. The riots were sparked by anger and resentment among working-class residents of the city over the Union draft for the American Civil War.
Causes of the Draft Riots
- Conscription: The Union draft was a controversial measure that required certain men to serve in the Union Army. Many people saw it as unfair, especially since wealthy men could pay a commutation fee to avoid service.
- Economic Hardship: The war was already taking a toll on the economy, and the draft further exacerbated the situation. Many working-class families were struggling to make ends meet, and they feared that the draft would deprive them of their breadwinners.
- Racial Tensions: There was a great deal of racial prejudice in New York City at the time. Many white working-class residents blamed African Americans for their economic woes and viewed them as a threat to their jobs and way of life.
The Riots
The riots began on July 13, 1863, when the first day of the draft lottery took place. Mobs of angry men stormed the draft office, destroying records and attacking officials. The violence quickly spread throughout the city, as rioters targeted businesses, homes, and anyone they perceived as being associated with the government or the war effort.
The rioters were particularly brutal towards African Americans, who were subjected to beatings, lynchings, and other forms of violence. They burned homes and businesses owned by African Americans, and attacked churches and schools where African Americans worshipped or learned.
Aftermath
The New York City Draft Riots were put down by the Union Army and the New York City Police. By the time the violence ended, over 100 people had been killed, and hundreds more had been injured.
The riots had a lasting impact on New York City and the nation as a whole. They highlighted the deep divisions within American society, particularly the tensions between the wealthy and the poor, and the racial prejudices that permeated the country. They also underscored the brutality of the war and the lengths to which people would go to defend their interests.