A draft board, also known as a Selective Service Local Board, is a government agency responsible for administering the military draft in the United States. During times of war or national emergency, the draft board selects individuals for compulsory military service.
Functions of a Draft Board:
- Registration: Draft boards are responsible for registering eligible men for military service.
- Classification: They classify registrants based on their physical and mental health, occupational skills, and family responsibilities, determining their eligibility for service.
- Selection: If the government needs to draft individuals, the boards select registrants based on their classification and other factors.
- Induction: Draft boards facilitate the induction of selected registrants into the armed forces.
Historical Context:
The draft board system has been used in the United States during several major conflicts, including:
- World War I: The Selective Service Act of 1917 established the first nationwide draft system.
- World War II: The Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 reintroduced the draft and expanded it to include women.
- The Vietnam War: The draft was a major source of controversy during this period, leading to widespread protests and anti-war sentiment.
Current Status:
While the United States does not currently have a mandatory draft, the Selective Service System remains active and all male citizens and immigrants between the ages of 18 and 25 are required to register. This registration system is in place in case of a national emergency, allowing the government to rapidly mobilize a military force if needed.
Conclusion:
The draft board plays a critical role in maintaining the readiness of the US military. While the system is not currently active, it serves as a necessary backup in the event of national emergencies. Understanding the functions and history of draft boards is essential for comprehending the role of the military in American society.